in the 19th century america, romantici had certain general characteristics. choose such characteristics from the following items.
washington irving’s first book appeared in 1809, entitled ______.
washington irving’s works are numerous, but his most successful work is the sketch book, of which the most famous and anthologized are ______ and “the legend of sleepy hollow”.
irving’s taste was essentially conservative. this social conservati and literary preference for the past is revealed, to some extent, in his famous story “_____”.
the romantic period, one of the most important periods in the history of american literature, stretches from the end of the _____ century to the outbreak of the _____.
romantici started with the publication of washington irving’s ______ and ended with whitman’s leaves of grass.
james fenimore cooper’s novel ___ is the first to reveal the west and native americans’ life in a passionate way.
the spy was written by james fenimore cooper in 1821. it is a novel about ________.
________ contributed two of the great stock figures of american mythology: the daring frontieran and the bold indian.
the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of american literature, evident in _______.
in the early nineteenth century, the attitude of american writers was shaped by their new world environment and an array of ideas inherited from the romantic tradition of europe.
the early american romanticists gave emphasis to emotion and nature; some of them sang of liberty and national independence and wrote in defense of negro slaves and indians.
washington irving was the second great belletrist, writing always for pleasure, and to produce pleasure.
romantic values were prominent in american politics, art and philosophy until the independent war.
the foundation of american national literature was laid by the early american romanticists.
cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the sea adventure tale, and the gothic stories.
with a vast group of supporting characters, virtuous or villainous, cooper made the american conscious of his past, and made the european conscious of america.
cooper’s claim to greatness in american literature lies in the fact that he created a myth about the formative period of the american nation.
leatherstocking tales is a novel best-known for the frontier period.
james fenimore cooper is a famous novelist of american reali.
in hawthorne’s the scarlet letter, “a” may stand for ___.
___ literary world turns out to be a most disturbed, tormented and problematical one, which has much to do with the “black” vision of life and human beings.
which of the works concerns most concentratedly the calvinistic view of original sin?
which of the following is not a work of nathaniel hawthorne’s?
in hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as ___.
the finest example of hawthorne’s symboli is the recreation of puritan boston in ___.
statement “___” is wrong in describing hawthorne.
by brown in young goodman brown, hawthorne means he is a(n) ___.
which of the following is not a typical feature of hawthorne’s young goodman brown?
poe was a great genius, and he was well recognized in his own day.
poe felt that poetry should teach.
poe preferred to write about normal love.
poe turned out the earliest american detective fiction and science fiction.
poe is generally regarded as a pioneering aesthetician, psychological investigator, literary technician and his influence on american literary circles can never be overrated.
nathaniel hawthorne welcomed the transcendentalists’ transparent optimi about the potentialities of human nature.
hawthorne believed that romance was the predestined form of american narrative. he took a great interest in his contemporary society.
hawthorne had a positive attitude toward science.
allegory is used to hold fast against the crushing blows of reality, and symboli serves as a weapon to attack and penetrate it.
in almost every book he wrote, hawthorne discussed sin and evil.
choose one question from 1 - 3 and one from 4 - 6 and give brief answers in english: washington irving what is the historical and socio-cultural background of the romantic period in america? what are the literary characteristics in the works of american romantic period? what is the theme of rip van winkle? list the major works of washington irving and discuss the artistic characteristics of his works. james fenimore cooper what are the artistic achievements of james fenimore cooper? what are cooper’s major works and what is “frontier novel”? what are the characteristics of cooper’s writing techniques?
choose two of the following questions and give brief answers in english. nathaniel hawthorne 1. give some different explanations of the symbolic meaning of “a” in the scarlet letter by hawthorne. 2. discuss the allegory and symboli in young goodman brown. 3. analyze the effects of puritani on nathaniel hawthorne. 4. what’s nathaniel hawthorne’s “black” vision of life and human beings? 5. what are the artistic achievements of edgar allan poe?