2023年年终考试题搜题神器推荐
请举例说明金属元素在自然界中的存在形式，不少于3例。
自然资源的种类很多，根据提供物质能量进行分类，自然资源可以分为：（）、（）、水资源、生物资源、（）
元素及化合物的（）、熔点、（）、（）等相近者在成矿过程中就容易生成（）。
当今世界各国矿产资源发展战略，大体哪些类型？
（）是我们空气污染物的最主要来源，约占燃料燃烧产生的空气污染物的95%以上。
环境保护的内容包括 （）。
治金工业对环境污染主要体现在（），以及大气污染。
清洁生产的定义包含了两个清洁过程控制：（）。
清洁生产的内容可以概括为（）。
影响较大的污染物有（），碳氧化物，氮氧化物和碳氢化合物。
冶金工业废水的特点：（）。
冶金工业的固废是各种金属（）排出的所有残渣废物。
钢铁冶金的固废按冶炼生产方法分类：（），精炼渣，连铸保护渣。
冶金固体废弃物的危害包括：侵占土地；污染土壤；污染水体（）；污染大气
含铝矿物的最低可采品位是（）
含铁矿物的最低可采品位是（）
含钛矿物的最低可采品位是（）
含铅矿物的最低可采品位是（）
含锰矿物的最低可采品位是（）
含金矿物的最低可采品位是（）
含银矿物的最低可采品位是（）
我国的多金属共生矿很多，最著名的三大伴生矿分别是（）。
绿色钢铁遵循的基本原则是？
影响高炉水渣质量的要素是什么？
耐火材料是用作高温窑、炉等热工设备的结构材料，以及工业用高温容器和部件的材料，并能承受相应的（）。
闷渣工艺是利用钢渣中自由氧化钙的自身消解的化学性质来实现（）分离的工艺。
高炉煤气的成分与热值与（）有关。
钢铁厂生产后产生的废水按生产性质可分为（）废水。
有色冶金的生产方法包括火法冶金、湿法冶金和 。
电解铝工业排放的含氟气体包括 和sif4等。
有色冶金工业生产过程中产生的固体废弃物包括各类 、各种泥状物以及随烟气一起排出被除尘器收集的烟尘。
拜耳法生产氧化铝过程中采用 作为晶种。
赤泥是氧化铝在生产过程中产生的废渣，因含有大量 而呈红色。
铜电解精炼过程中，杂质进入 或电解液。
水淬铜渣几乎全部都是 ，只有极少数结晶相石英、长石出现，水淬渣硬度高，可替代黄砂，用作防腐除锈剂。
氧化铝生产的主要方法包括： 和联合法。
什么是有色冶金？
我国将物质世界118种元素中的 种划归有色金属。
列举五种有色冶金固体废弃物固化方法。
氧化铝生产最主要的矿石资源是 。
简述赤泥中有价金属综合回收利用的原则。
药用植物指能够调整人体机能、治疗疾病的所有植物种类的总称。
药用植物学是研究药用植物的形态构造、分类鉴定、生长发育、化学成分形成与变化及引领新资源开发的一门科学。
2015年诺贝尔奖植物是受下列哪一部本草著作的启发而研制成功的（ ）。
药用植物包括（）（）（）（）（）。
这门课是（ ）、（ ）、（ ）的专业基础课
下面具有肉质直根变态的植物是：
下面具有须根系的植物是：
花程式可以直观地表示出子房的位置及心皮数。（ ）
1. 果皮单纯由子房发育而来的果实是（ ）
下面根能入药的药用植物有（ ）
生物分类的基本单位是（ ）
酵母菌产生的有性孢子是（ ）。
桑树的嫩枝入药，其药材名为桑白皮，叶入药，药材名为桑叶，果穗入药，药材名为桑葚。（ ）
毛茛科的的花辐射对称或两侧对称，雄蕊和心皮多数，离生，螺旋状排列在花托上。（ ）
下面属于木兰科来源的药材有（ ）
1.下面属于十字花科药用植物的是（ ）。
蔷薇科李亚科的果实类型为核果，苹果亚科的果实类型为梨果（ ）。
豆科植物均为蝶形花冠。（ ）
大戟科植物常为草本、灌木或乔木，有时成肉质植物，常含乳汁。（ ）
下列植物属于五加科的药用植物有（ ）。
1. 五加科和伞形科植物的花盘均生于子房顶部。（ ）
下列植物属于伞形科的药用植物有
木犀科植物的花花萼、花冠 多4裂，雄蕊常2枚，子房上位，2 室，每室 2 胚珠。（ ）
下列特征属于萝藦科植物特征的有（ ）。
下面属于忍冬科药用植物的是（ ）
桔梗科植物常为子房下位，而百合科植物常为子房上位，所以百合科植物比桔梗科植物原始。
菊科植物和桔梗科植物均有白色的乳汁。
管状花亚科植物体无乳汁；头状花序均为管状花或边花为舌状花，盘花为管状花
天南星科植物均为无被花，单性花。
天南星和半夏的入药部位是( )。
有效数字中的所有数字都是准确有效的
在定量分析中，对误差的要求是（）
对某试样进行三次平行测定，得cao平均含量为30.6%，而真实含量为30.3%，则30.6%-30.3%=0.3%为（）
有效数字是指（）
下列叙述正确的是
一下情况产生的误差属于随机误差的是（）
从精密度高就可以判断准确度高的前提是系统误差小
随机误差是由一些不确定的偶然因素造成的。
在滴定分析中，一般用指示剂颜色的突变来判断化学计量点的到达，在指示剂变色时停止滴定。这一点称为（）
滴定分析常用于测定含量（）的组分。
25℃时，某浓氨水的密度为0.90g/ml，含氨量（）为29%，则此氨水的物质的量浓度约为（）mol/l
0.002000mol/l重铬酸钾溶液对三氧化二铁的滴定度为（）mg/ml
滴定分析中，对化学反应的主要要求是（）
下列物质中可直接用于配制标准溶液的物质有（）
滴定分析中的滴定方式有（）
以下说确的是（）
共轭酸碱对中，ka与kb两者的关系式（）
酚酞指示剂颜色变化的ph范围是（）
甲基橙指示剂颜色变化的ph范围是（）
酸碱滴定变化规律一般分成（）个阶段讨论
酸碱滴定中，选择指示剂的原则是（）
用已知准确浓度的氢氧化钠溶液测定盐酸含量，以酚酞为指示剂，滴定到化学计量点时溶液的ph应为（）
某碱液25.00ml以0.1000mol/lhcl标准溶液滴定至酚酞褪色，用去20.00ml，再用甲基橙为指示剂继续滴定至变色，，又消耗了6.50ml，此碱液的组成为（）
欲配制0.1mol/l的naoh标准溶液，需选用的量器是（）
甲同学将0.1000mol/l的盐酸滴入0.1000mol/l的氢氧化钠溶液中，乙同学将0.1000mol/l的氢氧化钠溶液滴入0.1000mol/l的盐酸中，分别绘制滴定曲线，下列说确的是（）
标定氢氧化钠溶液的基准物质不可以选用（）
有关酸碱滴定的描述不正确的是（）
在酸性溶液中，氢离子的浓度等于酸的浓度
双指示剂法就是混合指示剂
酚酞是有机弱酸，其酸式体颜色为红色，碱式体颜色为无色
滴定突跃范围是指化学计量点前后相对误差为正负0.01%的ph范围
甲基橙，甲基红不能用于指示氢氧化钠标准溶液标定时的滴定终点，是因为终点颜色变化不明显
酸碱指示剂的变色原理是什么？
depths of {wk.} are to be inserted in the chart.
for full information regarding the current circulation of the indian ocean, ______ sailing direction, current atlas, etc.
in admiralty sailing directions, stripes is the word used to indicate ______ marking.
in the uniform cardinal system of buoyage, a buoy in the eastern quadrant from a danger could ______.
the lateral system is used in ____.
what would be the color of an iala starboard hand lateral buoy, as seen when sailing toward land, in europe?
when reversing, the tidal stream will have a period with little or no effect. this is call the_____.
the average time between two high waters is 12 hours and 25 minutes because this is the time it takes for ______.
what is the tidal height?
data relating to the direction and velocity of rotary tidal currents can be found in the ______
from ______ the mariner can know the data of tide.
which is a weekly publication advising mariners of important matters affecting navigational safety ?
in which source could you find the number of a chart for a certain geographic area?
the arrangement of charts in the catalogue is _________.
the datum from which the predicted heights of tides are reckoned in the tide table is _____.
many of the soundings shown on the chart are derived from ______ , undue reliance should not be placed upon them.
lines on a chart which connect points of equal magnetic variation are called ______.
how is the annual rate of change for magnetic variation shown on a pilot chart?
the correct method of switching off a marine radar is to turn power switch to ____ position first, then to ______ position.
the abbreviation ppi in the sperry collision avoidance system means ______.
radar makes it possible and much safer for us to sail __.
the 10-cm radar as compared to a 3-cm radar of similar specifications will ______.
the arpa may swap targets when automatically tracking if two targets ______
the common way to obtain your ship’s position is ______.
the radio waves used for radar are very short，only______long．
when hitting a solid object such as a ship or an airplane, the radar waves are reflected back______ they came.
when using a radar in a unstabilized mode, fixes are determined most easily from ______.
which general statement concerning radar is false?
a boundary between two air masses is a (n) ______.
clouds appearing in the following order: cirrus, cirrostratus, altostratus, stratus, and nimbostratus usually indicate the approach of a(n) ______.
pressure gradient is a measure of ______.
the atmosphere in the vicinity of a high pressure areas is called a (n) _____.
the legend/symbol which designates an occluded front is represented by a _______.
a sea breeze is a wind ______.
when winds of force reach 10-11 in beaufort scale，usually we call such winds as______．
altocumulus clouds are defined as ________.
one of the factors which affects the circulation of ocean currents is ___
ocean currents are well defined and __.
you should conduct a sector search under which of the following circumstances?
a race track turn would be better than a williamson turn in recovering a man overboard if .
you may best turn a twin-screw vessel about，to the right，in a narrow channel by using _.
your ship is dead in the water with the rudder amidships. as the right-handed screw starts to turn ahead，the bow will tend to go ________.
in a following sea, a wave has overtake your vessel and thrown the stern to starboard .to continue along your original course, you should___
in ballasting to survival draft .while in transit, due to extreme wind and wave loads, thrusters or propulsion, if available, should be used to___
the side of a ship which is farther from the wind is ______
the key factors to consider when approaching a casualty vessel or survivors are ________1.if a lee side protection is require。2. the rate of drift of the casualty vessel or survivors. 3. the rate of drift of the rescue vessel.
if you must enter water on which there is an oil fire, you should ______.
the speed of a vessel adjusted to that of a pilot boat at which the pilot can safe embark is ______.
it is easier to dock a right hand , single screw vessel ____.
current refers to the ______.
which standard man overboard manoeuvre is considered the best during bad visibility conditions?
one major advantage of the round turn maneuver in an man overboard situation is that it ____.
the distance that a vessel travels from the time that the order to put engines full astern until the vessel is dead in the water is known as ____
vessel shall normally join or leave a traffic lane ______ of the lane.
the rules state that vessels may depart from the requirements of the rules when______．
your 15-meter tug is underway and crossing a deep and narrow channel. a large container vessel is of your port bow on a steady bearing. which statement is true concerning this situation ?
systems of inbound and outbound lanes to promote the safe flow of vessel traffic in certain areas around the world are known as ______
when action to avoid a close quarters situation is taken, a course change alone may be the most effective action provided that ______.
when navigating in thick fog with the radar on，you should______．
while underway your vessel approaches a bend in a river where, due to the bank, you cannot see around the bend. you should ______
every vessel should at all times proceed at a safe spee d. safe speed is defined as that speed where ______.
risk of collision may exist ______.
in a traffic separation scheme, when joining a traffic lane from the side, a vessel shall do so_
every vessel that is to keep out of the way of another vessel must take positive early action to comply with this obligation and must ______.
your vessel is crossing a narrow channel. a vessel to port is within the channel and crossing your course. she is showing a black cylinder. what is your responsibility?
the navigation rules state that a vessel shall be operated at a safe speed at all times so that she can be stopped within ______.
by radar alone, you detect a vessel ahead on a collision course, about 3 miles distant. your radar plot shows this to be a meeting situation. you should ______.
which of the following statement is correct regarding ship handling when in the vicinity of traffic separation schemes？ (1)a vessel shall，so far as practicable，avoid crossing traffic lanes (2)if obliged to cross traffic lanes，she shall do so as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow．
which statement is true concerning risk of collision?
a sailing vessel is proceeding along a narrow channel and can safely navigate on inside the channel. the sailing vessel approaches a vessel engaged in fishing in the narrow channel. which statement is true?
in determining a safe speed ______ shall be taken into your consideration.
a traffic separation zone is that part of a traffic separation scheme which ______.
forecastle deck is located in the ships___________.
freeboard is measured from the upper edge of the_______.
the vessel’s quarter is located___.
it is necessary to secure the forced ventilation to a compartment where there is a fire to__.
the survival craft carried aboard a commercial fishing vessel must safely accommodate_
firefighting foam is only effective when the foam_____.
which of the following is(are) an advantage of a dry chemical extinguisher over a carbon dioxide extinguisher? the dry chemical extinguisher______.① has a greater range. ② provides a heat shield for the operator.
you board an inflatable liferaft that has been hand launched from a sinking vessel. what should you do first after everyone is onboard the liferaft?
liferafts intended for throw overboard launching shall be so stowed as to be readily transferable for launching on either side of the ship unless liferafts are stowed readily for launching_____.
large volumes of carbon dioxide are safe and effective for fighting fires in enclosed spaces, such as in a pumproom, provided that the ______.
if the coxswain of your lifeboat gives the command hold water, you should____.
displacement refers to the ______.
______ refers to the depth of a vessel below the waterline，measured vertically to the lowest part of the hull，propellers or other reference points．
deadweight, which is the cargo carrying capacity of a vessel in tons, is determined by _.
a tanker loads at a terminal within the tropical zone. she will enter the summer zone 6 days after departing the loading port. she will burn off about 45 tons/day and daily water consumption is 8 tons. how many tons may she load over that allowed by her?
gross tonnage indicates the vessel’s ________.
the tonnage certificate indicates ______.
the ship’s draught forward is slightly deeper than the draught aft. this condition is called _____ in shipping terms.
the ship’s draught forward is as same as her draught aft. this condition is named as_____.
your vessel is damaged and is listing to port. the rolling period is short .there is sufficient freeboard so that deck edge submersion is not a problem. what corrective action should be taken first in regard to the vessel’s stability?
what is the difference between “heel” and “list”?
the master got permission to pump out 500 tons of clean sea water for ______.
in order to minimize the effects of a tender vessel, when carrying a cargo of lumber, you should_____?
if your vessel has a list to port due to negative gm and off-center weight, the first corrective measure you should take is to______
what is mti?
your vessel has lifeboats on both sides. lifeboat no. 2 is located ________.
if you are forced to abandon ship in a liferaft，your course of action should be to ______.
in______ convention, a vessel which carries more than 12 passengers shall be deemed as a passenger ship.
in accordance with solas, the batteries that power interior lighting in inflatable liferafts can be made to last longer by ______.
solas requires a lifesaving training manual be provided in each crew cabin or in the______.
the number of able seamen required on board is stated in the ______.
to determine the number of able seamen required on an inspected vessel, you should check the ______.
the psco would be justified in making a detailed inspection of all life-saving appliances, if he sees that______.
which document lists all the lifesaving equipment required for a vessel?
what percentage of the baggage is required to be checked at security level 1?
who can contact the designated person?
the safety equipment certificate shows that the vessel conforms to the
who is responsible for the development of the ship security plan?
who is responsible for the regular security inspections of the ship?
on vessels over 100 gross tons, whose responsibility is it to ensure that all able seamen in the vessel’s crew have the documents and qualifications required by law and regulation?
where should life jackets be stowed?
explosive and flammable gasses are most likely to be encountered on a vessel ______.
the act of checking who of the passengers and crew members are present, e.g. at assemb stations, by reading aloud a list of their names defines ______.
you hear the general alarm and ship's whistle sound for over 10 seconds. traditionally，this is the signal for ________.
for whom is the i code mandatory?
who can suggest changes to the s?
the i code is part of______.
why is the i code mandatory?
the s should provide for specific measures aimed at promoting the ______of equipment or systems the sudden operational failure of which may result in hazardous situations.
what is (are) standard operating procedure(s) used on a ro-ro vessel?
when should conduct visual you a inspection your towline?
if you are the master of a towing vessel whose only working radar no longer functions, what must you do?
the authority to grant an alternate procedure for oil transfer operations rests with the ______
no repairs can be done without the harbor master’s _______.
the purpose of the voyage and passage plan is to ensure that navigation is planned in adequate detail with contingency plans where appropriate to ensure safety navigation throughout the intended voyage from _____.
when steering by autopilot, how often should manual steering be checked?
vessel must be______duly qualified officers and crew．
if you do not wear goggles and helmet, your chances of being ______ will be greater.
while steaming slowly in the harbor, no ship is _________ to exceed the speed limite d.
as a matter of fact, the damage to the winches was due to _______.
during the watch, overcast, fresh breeze, sea moderate, ship rolling and pitching, shipping seas over decks and hatches. this sentence is most possibly found in _____.
the owner or master of a towing vessel shall ensure that all tests and inspections of gear take place and are logged ____
when must the master of a vessel log the position of load line marks in relation to the surface of the water in the official logbook?
the boat was sailing to the north when a terrible storm________.
what is not accepted as the required shipping papers on a manned and loaded tank barge?
when a vessel is entering or leaving a port，a record of engine speeds is kept in the _____.
the fire and boat drills for a cargo ship should be ________ once a month under normal conditions.
fire and abandon boat drills for a cargo ship should be _______once a month under normal conditions.
never make comment，estimate or guess in your logbook，but ______ only．
the entries in the official logbook must be signed by the master and ______.
all accidents and damage to ship, equipment or personnel, must be _ in the vessel’s deck log.
orders of the master to the officer of the watch which he must comply with are ______.
______is a full nautical record of a ship’s voyage, written up at the end of each watch by the officer of the watch.
all entries in logbook, _________ made, must not be erased or amende
when there is not a chief officer on board, ______should keep and write up the ship’s logbook.
在autocad中，图层的用途是什么？
在autocad中，鼠标的左键、右键和滚轮分别用来干什么？
autocad的坐标体系，包括世界坐标和（ ）坐标系。
autocad中的图层数最多可设置为
移动圆对象，使其圆心移动到直线中点，需要应用：
autocad中cad标准文件后缀名为
在cad中在用line命令绘制封闭图形时，最后可敲( )后回车而自动封闭
cad软件中我们一般都用（）单位来做图以达到最佳的效果
在autocad中复制其它文件中块的命令快捷键是
在cad中以下有关图层锁定的描述，错误的是
在cad中当一对象从图形中被删除时，使用下述哪一个命令恢复该对象
在cad中创建一个圆与已知圆同心，可以使用哪个修改命令
使用break命令和erase命令的区别是什么
autocad的英文全称是：
在cad中取消命令执行的键是
在cad中save命令可以
在cad中在圆上捕捉圆心时,靶框应该是压在
在cad中使用pogon命令绘制正多边形，边数最大值是
在cad中不能应用修剪命令“trim”进行修剪的对象是
在cad中标注是___颜色的
arc子命令中的（s，e，a）指的是哪种画圆弧方式
在执行solid命令后，希望所画的图元内部填充，必须设置_
拉伸命令“stretch”拉伸对象时，不能
冻结图层相对关闭图层的优点是
请根据调节池俯视图，计算调节池长宽以及总占地面积
在污水处理工程工艺设计过程中，对高浓度、低浓度废水需要进行（）。
下面哪项不属于《环境保》规定的建设项目中防治污染设施三同时政策？
成熟城镇污水处理工艺：预处理-一级处理-二级处理-三级处理(深度处理)和污泥处置，其核心为（）。
以下（）不属于管道布置与设计主要的考虑问题。
蝶阀的特点是：
高硅铁管与抗氯硅铁管的特点是：
以下属于基本编辑命令的是（ ）。
以下在状态栏中出现的命令是（ ）
在图纸空间中无法编辑模型空间中的对象，必须激活浮动视口，进入浮动模型空间，此时可执行（）命令
如果一张图中有多个视口，打印时视口线也会打印出来，解决办法就是把这部分视口放置在（ ）中，放置在这个图层中的对象是不会被打印出来的
在其中的“文件类型”下拉列表框中可以看到，系统不支持输入以下哪种文件类型
多行文本标注命令是（）
能够按比例改变图形实际大小的命令是（）
图层不具有以下哪种功能
当使用创建对象的应用程序进行编辑，但在源文档中编辑信息时又不希望更新 ole 对象时可选择（）
污水处理厂现场调研中调查研究包括以下哪些
一般情况下污泥重力浓缩后的污泥含水率为（）
工艺管道标识为
下列哪一项不属于工艺流程图中主要标注的3种标高：
下列哪一项不属于单位废水处理运行成本
基本修改命令不包括（ ）。
污水处理厂设计前期工作主要内容不包括以下那一项
污水处理厂深度处理单元中深度除cod的工艺不包括以下哪个
污水处理过程中主要能耗不包括以下哪个环节
下列哪一项为污泥回流选用计量设备
公称直径的单位一般以( )计，如dg100
旋塞阀适用于含有悬浮物和固体杂质的管路，公称压力在1 mpa以下的管路，能够精确地调节流量
表示物体信息量最多的那个视图应作为主视图。
autocad中可通过两点画圆。
图层的颜色实际上是图层中图形对象的颜色。
autocad线型资源管理器中的“当前对象缩放”会影响图纸中所有图形的线型比例。
多级离心风机：风量大，效率高，噪声大。
高程图上的垂直和水平方向比例尺一般不相同，但水平方向需要严格按照比例。
铸铁管常用作污水管，不能用于输送蒸汽及在有压力下输送爆炸性与有毒气体
特性匹配的功能是直接把一个图形的性质，如图层、颜色、线型、线宽等复制到另一个图形中。
autocad的控制符：由一个百分号(％)及在后面紧接一个字符构成。
图样中的尺寸以厘米为单位时，不需要标注计量单位的代号或名称。
目前深度处理单元中消毒主要采用紫外消毒和臭氧消毒
ppp模式是通过特许协议，引入国外或民间资金进行专属的基础设施建设，竣工后由赎回
bot模式控制权是项目公司，无需特殊补偿
最不利管路实质在计算系统总压力损失选用最不利管路是指压力损失__的管路
autocad通用的四种坐标是__、__、__、__。
auto中为创建左右手对称的图形需采用__命令。
一个完整的尺寸标注应由_______、_______、_______、_______等组成。
cad文件的输出类型包括_______、_______、_______、_______、_______、______、______、______等。
设计前期工作中施工图设计是以__的图纸和说明书为依据
水头损失计算是应该考虑一些__因素，以便留有余地。
_____和_____偏低是影响 tn 稳定达标的最主要因素
音乐是通过有组织的音（包括乐音、噪音、以及没声音的声音），来反映人类现实生活的一门艺术。
同时发响的两个音为和声
按照一定关系三个或三个以上同时发响的音为
音乐不是一种音响、时间、听觉、情感、思想的艺术
本课学习的关键词是“欣赏、体悟、创新”
音乐风格即曲风
节奏是音乐运动中长短、强弱、快慢等
旋律是艺术构思后形成的有节奏的声音线条
音色是声音的感觉特性，又名音品
曲式不是音乐的横向组织结构
音乐欣赏中最主要的心理机制不是联觉
“光幻觉”即色觉
“语色联觉”是某些词汇引起的色觉
音乐的声音形态与人类情感之间具有某种“同构关系”，其原意是，音乐能表达人的情感
音响的色彩文化与音响的文化色彩，就是指色彩的自然属性和社会属性
一件乐器为主奏，其余为协奏，称为协奏曲
素材是创作元素、题材是选题、体裁是曲式
作曲家音乐创作前的主要构思有题材、素材、体裁、表现手法、调式调性、乐器选择、形象化塑造等
协奏乐器的主要作用是衬托、渲染、深化，互为补充等
音乐主题就是一个具有相对独立乐思结构的旋律而不是曲调
合唱形式一般分为童声合唱、女声合唱、男声合唱、混声合唱
西方合唱音乐的源头来自西方教
教的圣咏成为西方主要音乐形式的原因是，约公元313年，教被罗马皇帝宣布为合法教派
英国作曲家威廉 · 伯德，不是文艺复兴时期最杰出的英国作曲家之一
意大利作曲家拉索创作的合唱《回声》，表现的主要内涵是歌颂大自然
唱法是一种演唱方式，它直接影响着演唱的外在表现风格，尤其是声音的听觉感受
目前人们认可的唱法，有美声、原生态、民族、通俗唱法
美声唱法的主要特征是：以发声器官（包括胸腔、口腔、咽腔、鼻腔、头腔等）的充分运用为基础，以美化声音为中心，进而表达思想感情
民族唱法的主要特征是：以经过一定科学的发声训练(根植于戏曲、曲艺、民间演唱精华, 吸收美声的发声方法) ，保留吐字行腔的民族风格进而表达思想感情
通俗唱法的主要特征不是以本人的发生条件为基础，以情调为中心，进而表情达意
古人白居易的《琵琶行》是著名的诗词，主要是写他欣赏音乐时的心理活动，即使在音乐暂时停止的时候，也没有停止他的联想，这联想就是此时无声胜有声
英国现代哲学家、美学家、科林伍德曾说：“我们所倾听的音乐并不是听到的声音，而是由听者的想象力用各种方式加以修补过的那种声音,那就是说，音乐并不是听旋律，不是听歌词，而是听里面蕴含着的感情，以及聆听者听这首歌时候的心情。不仅音乐如此，每一种艺术都一样”。
“不论你听过多少遍，都会象自然现象一样产生新的敬仰和惊叹。只要世界上还有音乐存在，它就会世世代代传下去。”这不是德国作曲家和音乐评论家舒曼对贝多芬第五交响曲《命运》的评论
“柳枝西出叶向东，此非画柳实画风。风无本质不上笔，巧借柳枝相形容。”是清代诗人江提所说。
本课中“我的音乐之维度”可简单概括为“音响感知、想象联想、知识素养、阅历经历、独立意识。”等。
爱因斯坦说：““真正的科学和真正的音乐需要同样的思维过程，这个世界可以由乐谱组成，也可以由数学公式组成。”
钱学森没有说：“一个科学家的良好艺术素养，是科学家取得卓越科学成就的重要因。”
英国分析化学家和工业化学家约翰·亚历山大·雷纳·纽兰兹，受音阶启示发现发现原子递增的规律，从而创造了“八音律”周期表。
孔子说“兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐”。即人的修养开始於学诗、自立於学礼、完成于学乐。
孔子有“六艺”：礼、乐、射、御、书、数；柏拉图有“七艺”：逻辑、语法、修辞、数学、几何、天文、音乐。
合唱形态首先是根据声音的特点、性别、年龄等来分类的。
齐唱是指合唱队员同唱一个声部。
a cappella中文翻译为阿卡贝拉，也叫做无伴奏纯人声合唱。
阿卡贝拉的声部由女高音、女中音、男高音、男低音、人声打击声部组成。
我国的侗族大哥不属于多声部合唱。
现代打击乐没有有调和无调之分。
定音鼓在乐队演奏中起到节奏、和声的功能。
木琴音色特点是清脆、颗粒性强，钢片琴则优美舒展。
交响乐队由弦乐、铜管、木管、打击乐、色彩乐器等组成
交响管乐团使用的乐器有小号、长号、圆号、萨克斯、黑管、长笛等